Origin & History:
The Kambli loom is used to weave Kambli, a traditional woolen shawl or blanket primarily made and used in parts of Karnataka, especially in the North Karnataka region. Kambli weaving reflects the indigenous knowledge of wool processing and handloom weaving adapted to Karnataka’s semi-arid climate, blending functionality with artistry.
Artisan Communities:
Primarily woven by shepherd and pastoral communities such as the Lambani, Kuruba, and other tribal groups in North Karnataka. The Handloom Weaver communities in districts like Bijapur, Bagalkot, and Dharwad are known for Kambli weaving.
Geographic Spread:
Karnataka: Mainly in North Karnataka districts such as Bijapur, Bagalkot, Dharwad, and Belgaum.
Technique & Process:
1. Material Preparation: Wool is sourced mainly from local sheep breeds. The wool is cleaned, carded, and spun into yarn by hand or simple spinning wheels.
2. Loom Setup: The Kambli loom is typically a horizontal pit loom or frame loom adapted for wool weaving. It features strong, thick warp threads to withstand the rougher wool yarn.
3. Weaving Process: Weaving is done by hand, often with simple shuttle or sword beaters. Patterns are created by using natural or vegetable dyed wool yarns in contrasting colors. The weave is typically tight and dense, suitable for warmth and durability.
Materials & Motifs:
- Fabric: Wool (mainly sheep wool)
- Colors: Natural wool colors (white, brown, grey, black) or vegetable-dyed reds, blacks, and yellows
- Motifs & Patterns: Stripes, checks, simple geometric patterns.
Notable Use & Products: Used to weave Kambli woolen shawls, blankets, and wrap.
Cultural Significance:
The Kambli shawl symbolizes the close relationship between pastoral communities and their environment. It is both a practical garment and a cultural artifact representing traditional wool craft in Karnataka.The weaving tradition preserves indigenous knowledge and sustains rural livelihoods in semi-arid zones.